Hypertension

Gary L. Schwartz, M.D.
Mayo Clinic

Sheldon G. Sheps, M.D.
Mayo Medical School

September 2004

Definition/Key Clinical Features
Differential Diagnosis
Best Tests
Best Therapy
Best References


Definition/Key Clinical Features

Prehypertension

Essential Hypertension

Secondary Hypertension

Differential Diagnosis

Best Tests

Essential Hypertension

BP Measurement

Lab Tests


Screening Tests for Secondary Hypertension (Sensitivity/Specificity)

Renovascular Hypertension


Primary Aldosteronism

Pheochromocytoma Cushing Syndrome Coarctation of the Aorta

Best Therapy

Prehypertension

Essential Hypertension: Risk Stratification and Initial Treatment in Hypertensive Patients by Blood Pressure Stage (mm Hg)

Risk Group A (No CV Risk Factors, No Target-Organ Disease or Clinical Cardiovascular Disease)

Risk Group B (≥ 1 CV Risk Factor, Not Including Diabetes; No Target-Organ Disease or Clinical Cardiovascular Disease)

Risk Group C (Target-Organ Disease or Clinical Cardiovascular Disease and/or Diabetes ± Other CV Risk Factors)

Treatment for Patients with Essential Hypertension

Lifestyle Modification

Pharmacologic Therapy

Diuretics

Best References

Chobanian A, et al: Hypertension 42:1206, 2003

European Society of Hypertension – European Society of Cardiology Guidelines Committee: J Hypertens 21:1011, 2003

Williams B, et al: J Hum Hypertens 18:139, 2004

September 2004


© 2004 WebMD Inc. All rights reserved.